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有两种定位的方式： 

GPS定位的 好处 ：精确度高； 坏处 ：仅能在户外使用，获取定位信息速度慢，耗费电池。 

android原生定位框架的核心组件是 

// Acquire a reference to the system Location Manager

LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) this.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);

LocationListener

通过回调（callback）来获取用户定位信息

// Define a listener that responds to location updatesLocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener() {    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {      // Called when a new location is found by the network location provider.      // 这个函数中的location就是获取到的位置信息    }    public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {}    public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {}    public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {}  };

// Register the listener with the Location Manager to receive location updateslocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 0, 0, locationListener);

定位权限

定位功能的使用需要获取定位权限 

android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION

如果使用 GPS_PROVIDER 或者同时使用上述两种定位方式，那么需要请求

android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION

同时，如果你的app的运行环境是Android 5.0（API Level 21）或更高（If your app targets Android 5.0 (API level 21) or higher），那么你还需要显式请求

android.hardware.location.network 

或者 

android.hardware.location.gps

package com.example.demo;import android.Manifest;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.location.Address;import android.location.Criteria;import android.location.Geocoder;import android.location.Location;import android.location.LocationListener;import android.location.LocationManager;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;import android.text.TextUtils;import android.text.method.ScrollingMovementMethod;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;import java.io.IOException;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;import java.util.Locale;public class LocationActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {    private static final String TAG = LocationActivity.class.getSimpleName();    private LocationManager locationManager;    private LocationListener locationListener;    private TextView tv;    private Button btnStart;    private Button btnEnd;    private Button btnClean;    private StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_location);        setTitle("原生定位");        tv = findViewById(R.id.tv);        btnStart = findViewById(R.id.btnStart);        btnEnd = findViewById(R.id.btnEnd);        btnClean = findViewById(R.id.btnClean);        btnStart.setOnClickListener(this);        btnEnd.setOnClickListener(this);        btnClean.setOnClickListener(this);        //设置文字太长时TextView可以上下滑动        tv.setMovementMethod(ScrollingMovementMethod.getInstance());        locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);        locationListener = new LocationListener() {            @Override            public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {                stringBuilder.append(getTime()).append("\t定位信息：\n");                stringBuilder.append("\t").append(location.getLatitude()).append("\n");                stringBuilder.append("\t").append(location.getLongitude()).append("\n");                stringBuilder.append("\t").append(location.getProvider()).append("\n");                tv.setText(stringBuilder);                Geocoder gc = new Geocoder(LocationActivity.this, Locale.getDefault());                List
 locationList = null;                try {                    locationList = gc.getFromLocation(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude(), 1);                } catch (IOException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }                Address address = locationList.get(0);//得到Address实例                if (address == null) {                    return;                }                stringBuilder.append(getTime()).append("\t地址信息：\n");                String countryName = address.getCountryName();//得到国家名称                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(countryName)) {                    stringBuilder.append(countryName);                }                String adminArea = address.getAdminArea();//省                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(adminArea)) {                    stringBuilder.append(adminArea);                }                String locality = address.getLocality();//得到城市名称                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(locality)) {                    stringBuilder.append(locality);                }                for (int i = 0; address.getAddressLine(i) != null; i++) {                    String addressLine = address.getAddressLine(i);                    if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(addressLine)) {                        if(addressLine.contains(countryName)){                            addressLine = addressLine.replace(countryName,"");                        }                        if(addressLine.contains(adminArea)){                            addressLine = addressLine.replace(adminArea,"");                        }                        if(addressLine.contains(locality)){                            addressLine = addressLine.replace(locality,"");                        }                        if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(addressLine)) {                            stringBuilder.append(addressLine);                        }                    }                }                String featureName = address.getFeatureName();//得到周边信息                if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(featureName)) {                    stringBuilder.append(featureName).append("\n");                }                tv.setText(stringBuilder);            }            @Override            public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {            }            @Override            public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {            }            @Override            public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {            }        };    }    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        switch (v.getId()) {            case R.id.btnStart:                stringBuilder.append(getTime()).append("\t开始定位\n");                tv.setText(stringBuilder);                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {                    return;                }                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {                    return;                }                locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 0, 0, locationListener);                locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 0, 0, locationListener);                break;            case R.id.btnEnd:                locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener);                stringBuilder.append(getTime()).append("\t结束定位\n\n");                tv.setText(stringBuilder);                break;            case R.id.btnClean:                stringBuilder.delete(0, stringBuilder.length());                tv.setText(stringBuilder);                break;            default:                break;        }    }    private String getTime() {        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss", Locale.getDefault());        return simpleDateFormat.format(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()));    }}

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